J. Craig Venter, who won the race to sequence the human genome, dies in San Diego at 79

J. Craig Venter, who mapped the first draft of the human genome and helped scientists understand how genes shape our lives, died last week. He was 79.

His death was announced by the J. Craig Venter Institute, a genomics research group with locations in Rockville, Md., and La Jolla. Venter received his undergraduate and doctorate degrees at UC San Diego. He founded several companies headquartered in San Diego and helped make the area a hub for biotechnology.

The institute said he died in San Diego after being hospitalized for side effects from a recent cancer treatment.

In the 1990s Venter bet that he could use a different sequencing technique to speed up the process of decoding the human genome and beat an enormous government effort called the Human Genome Project. He founded Celera Genomics, and in 2000, it announced, along with Human Genome Project leaders, that they had decoded the 3.1 billion subunits of DNA, the chemical “letters″ that make up the recipe of human life. Three years later, in April 2003, the project declared the genome complete.

“Some have said to me that sequencing the human genome will diminish humanity by taking the mystery out of life,” Venter said at a White House event in 2000 about the breakthrough. “Nothing could be further from the truth.”

And his work did reveal even greater mysteries — even as it helped scientists understand the genetic causes for rare diseases and more common conditions such as heart disease and cancer, as well as what mutations or shifts may put people at higher risk of disease.

A molecular biologist, Venter was also part of a team that in 2010 announced it had created the first cell controlled entirely by DNA assembled from laboratory chemicals.

Venter served in the U.S. Navy during the Vietnam War and said the experience taught him how fragile life could be and made him curious about how the trillions of cells in the human body conspire to create and maintain life.

He also worked at the National Institutes of Health, where he helped develop a technique to quickly identify large swathes of human genes.

Later, he was the first to publish his own sequenced genome with the hope that researchers could scan it to learn what was inherited from each parent and where vulnerabilities to disease might lie, opening doors to one day tailor future treatments to a person’s genes. He and his team also made a breakthrough in synthetic biology by creating a bacterial cell with lab-synthesized DNA.

Ramakrishnan writes for the Associated Press. The Los Angeles Times contributed to this report.