Unraveling Secrets of Anthrax’s Durability

Scientists at the University of Michigan have pieced together the complex genetic workings that allow anthrax to remain dormant for decades in harsh conditions but begin to germinate in a matter of minutes when circumstances are right.

Anthrax can survive for decades because it is protected by a tough outer coat that is impervious to cold, heat, drought and chemicals. A new study shows that germination from the dormant state requires the coordinated activity of several genes, proteins and amino acids and at least two signaling pathways.

The redundant mechanisms are “the bug’s way of ensuring that it won’t lose its protective armor until conditions are right for germination,” co-author Philip Hanna said. The study is an important first step in preventing anthrax infections.

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Compiled by Times staff writer Usha Lee McFarling