A healing herb from Shakespeare’s garden

The hardy burdock makes an appearance in three of Shakespeare’s plays, including “King Lear.” A common weed in Europe, North America and northern Asia, the plant relies on prickly burrs to spread its seeds far and wide. The carrot-like root is the part used for healing, but the plant’s spinach-like young leaves, stem and roots also appear in cuisines in Japan and parts of Europe.

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Uses: Burdock is recommended by herbalists to treat fevers, colds, upset stomach, psoriasis, rheumatism and other conditions. In traditional Chinese medicine, it’s used for ulcers and sore throats.

Dose: 1 to 2 grams three times a day in pill form. The supplement is also sold as a liquid tincture, and the dried root can be used to make tea.

Precautions: Animal studies suggest burdock may cause the uterus to contract, so pregnant women should avoid it. The plant’s roots look similar to those of the highly poisonous belladonna and deadly nightshade, so be sure to buy burdock supplements from a trusted source. People sensitive to ragweed may also be sensitive to burdock, a close botanical relative.

Research: Lab tests show that burdock has antibacterial properties, and animal studies show that it can protect the liver and fight fungal infections. There’s also some evidence that burdock may affect blood sugar levels, but few rigorous studies have demonstrated its effects in humans.

Dietary supplement makers are not required by the U.S. government to demonstrate that their products are safe or effective. Ask your health-care provider for advice on selecting a brand.

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-- Elena Conis