Vitamin E strengthens the immune system

A University of California anatomy professor researching reproduction in rats discovered vitamin E in 1922. In humans, the powerful antioxidant is essential for healthy eyes and skin, as well as a strong immune system. Vitamin E exists as eight individual compounds abundant in a variety of fruits and green vegetables, including avocados, mangos and turnip greens.

Uses: The first reported use of the vitamin was by a Canadian doctor who gave the supplement to his patients in the 1940s to treat cardiovascular disease. Today it is used to boost the immune system and prevent vitamin E deficiency in people on low-fat diets and others who have trouble absorbing enough of the fat-soluble vitamin from their diet. Some doctors recommend vitamin E for preventing heart attacks and several forms of cancer. Studies have also found that it may help prevent cataracts and slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

Dose: Supplements should not exceed 400IU (about 270 mg) a day in pill, capsule or powder form. The vitamin is also often added to skin creams, ointments, oils and lotions.

Precautions: Vitamin E is considered safe, but an overdose can cause nausea, headaches and fatigue. People with iron deficiency or thyroid problems should consult with their physician before taking supplements. Long-term safety has not been studied.

Research: Research on the vitamin’s effects on heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cataracts, male fertility and cancer has produced an abundance of conflicting results. Current studies are investigating its effects on heart disease, multiple sclerosis and prostate cancer.

Dietary supplement makers are not required by the U.S. government to demonstrate that their products are safe or effective. Ask your health-care provider for advice on selecting a brand.

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-- Elena Conis