What most plans cover and what costs extra

Because coverage varies by provider and individual policy, a call to the warranty company can answer most consumer questions. But here are some general guidelines on what home warranty plans do and don’t cover:

Generally covered items include heating, electrical and plumbing systems; major kitchen appliances such as built-in microwaves, cooktops, dishwashers, ductwork, exhaust fans, garbage disposals, ranges, ovens and trash compactors; hot-water heaters; sewer stoppages within 100 feet of the street; and whirlpool bath pumps and built-in spa pumps. Some companies, such as Buyers Home Warranty Co., include faucets and garage-door openers in general coverage.

Extra coverage can be purchased for a guesthouse, roof, faucets, whirlpool bath, additional spa, clothes washer and dryer, pool and spa equipment, pool only, spa only, refrigerator, well pump, air conditioning and garage-door opener.

Some firms offer upgrade options that cover costs associated with bringing items in an older home up to building codes. Additional charged may be incurred for upgrades to eliminate code violations, for hauling away broken items and for permit fees.

Services usually not covered are consequential damage (water damage from a faucet leak or broken water heater, for instance) and problems outside the home’s foundation, such as an earthquake-cracked main line, a pool house, a fence, a sprinkler system and water lines for irrigation.

Covered services that may be denied: known preexisting conditions; building code violations, such as an overloaded electrical system; improper installation; improper maintenance, such as failing to clean the coils or replace air-conditioner filters; negligence or mistreatment of appliances or systems; and unusual wear and tear.