WHERE THE CANDIDATES STAND ON / Aid to C.I.S.

Background: Providing assistance to the republics of the former Soviet Union has become the lightning rod of debate over foreign aid programs. Proponents urge massive aid to help Russia and other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States solidify free-market economies and democratic reforms. Opponents contend that the money could be better spent at home.

President Bush backs bilateral investments and tax treaties with each Commonwealth state and supports efforts to dismantle weapons systems. His Administration has proposed the “Freedom Support Act” that calls for the repeal of all Cold War trade legislation, requests $620 million for technical assistance and hikes the U.S. quota in the International Monetary Fund by $12 billion.

Patrick J. Buchanan supports humanitarian aid but is strongly opposed to financial aid, referring to it as “Uncle Sam’s welfare.” He contends that the C.I.S can help itself by encouraging private investments.

Bill Clinton supports increasing monetary aid to the former Soviet republics and backs efforts to halt the proliferation of nuclear weapons. He supports linking all aid, except humanitarian assistance, to agreements requiring the republics to support human rights and abide by all arms control agreements. He also supports working with Europe and Japan to improve the economies of the C.I.S.

Edmund G. (Jerry) Brown Jr. supports monetary aid for famine relief. He would boost technical assistance and encourage private industries in order to help the republics transform their governments into democracies.