Toys R Us founder dies days after chain announced it will shut down

Charles P. Lazarus, the World War II veteran who founded Toys R Us six decades ago and transformed it into an iconic piece of Americana, died Thursday at age 94, a week after the chain announced it will shut down its stores across the United States.

Toys R Us confirmed Lazarus’ death.

“There have been many sad moments for Toys R Us in recent weeks, and none more heartbreaking than today’s news about the passing of our beloved founder,” the company said in a statement Thursday. “Our thoughts and prayers are with Charles’ family and loved ones.”

Lazarus, who stepped down as chief executive of Toys R Us in 1994, transformed the toy industry with a business model that became one of the first retail category killers: big stores that are so devoted to one thing, and have such an impressive selection, that they drive smaller competitors out of business.

More recently, Toys R Us found itself unable to survive competition from the likes of Amazon, discounters such as Walmart and mobile games. And it was burdened by a heavy debt load stemming from a 2005 leveraged buyout. No longer able to bear the weight of its debt, the company announced last week that it would close or sell its 735 stores across the country, including its Babies R Us stores.

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But for decades, it was Toys R Us that drove trends in children’s play, becoming a launchpad for what became some of the industry’s hottest toys.

Lazarus, the son of a bicycle store owner, modeled his business after the self-service supermarkets that were becoming popular in the 1950s, stacking merchandise high to give shoppers the feeling of an infinite number of toys. The stores created a magical feeling for children roaming aisles filled with Barbies, bikes and other toys laid out in front of them.

The chain has its roots in Children’s Bargain Town, the baby furniture store that Lazarus opened in 1948 in his hometown of Washington, D.C. He began selling toys after a couple of years when customers began asking for them, and he quickly concluded that, in the baby-boom years, toys were a more lucrative business than furniture.

He opened his first store dedicated to selling only toys in 1957, calling it Toys R Us with the “R” backward to give the impression that a child wrote it. Shopping carts stood ready for customers to grab and fill up themselves, supermarket-style.

In 1965, Geoffrey the giraffe became the company’s mascot, appearing in his first TV commercial in 1973. By the 1980s and early ’90s, Toys R Us dominated the toy-store business and its jingle, “I’m a Toys R Us kid” became an anthem for children across the country.

In 1992, Lazarus traveled with President George H.W. Bush for the opening of the first Toys R Us in Japan.

Lazarus loomed large over his industry at the heyday of his company, personally traveling to the annual Toy Fair in New York City. Thousands of buyers from around the world attend, but back then, it was Lazarus whom manufacturers were most anxious to impress, said Marc Rosenberg, a veteran toy marketer and founder of SkyBluePink Concepts.

The opportunity to give “Mr. Lazarus” a tour of your showroom was a rite of passage for marketers, said Rosenberg, who first met Lazarus on such an occasion in 1987 as a marketer for Tiger Electronics. Lazarus walked through the showrooms giving feedback on the playthings arrayed before him, trailed by a group of employees feverishly taking notes, Rosenberg said.

“As a young marketing guy, if Charles Lazarus liked something you were doing, it was like the greatest thing in the world,” Rosenberg said. “He had a dry sense of humor. If he liked something, he would show it. He would laugh, but it wasn’t easy to get him to laugh.”

Rosenberg said Lazarus understood that the success of Toys R Us stemmed from creating a “circus-like atmosphere to keep kids wanting to come back every week.”

Mascot Geoffrey the giraffe soon started a family, with wife Gigi and a son and daughter. The giraffe family would make regular visits to the stores, parades and other events. Rosenberg said the company cut down on such events after Lazarus left and that the chain struggled to find a model that could help it compete with the likes of Walmart, which offered a similar selection at lower prices, and, later, with Amazon.

Lazarus, who was born Oct. 4, 1923, was inducted into the Toy Industry Assn.’s Hall of Fame in 1990.

UPDATES:

3:50 p.m.: This article was updated with comments from toy marketer Marc Rosenberg and with additional details.

2:50 p.m.: This article was updated throughout with additional information about Charles P. Lazarus’ life and Toys R Us’ history.

This article was originally published at 1:25 p.m.