VET Q&A; : Something to Sneeze At

Q: What plan t s are dogs most commonly allergic to, and what signs of reactions should I look for? --K.H.

A: Although dogs and cats may develop hay fever--with teary eyes, runny nose and sneezing--the most common plant-related allergic reaction in dogs is canine allergic inhalant dermatitis, caused mainly by pollen, mold and house dust. Ragweed is a leading offender. Other plants include dandelion, red-root pigweed, common sagebrush, Russian thistle, cocklebur, burweed, marsh elder, sheep sorrel, curly dock, lamb’s-quarters and Western water hemp.

Grasses that pollinate in the late spring and early summer are the second-most common irritant: Some are meadow fescue, wild oats, Bermuda grass, Johnson grass, annual June grass, Kentucky bluegrass, sweet vernal grass, redtop, quack grass, velvet grass, smooth brome, broncho grass and ryegrass.

Molds are prevalent in soil, decaying organic matter and in the home. Some have seasons when they release their allergy-producing spores, usually between May and December.

Signs of allergic reactions are manifested by scratching, paw-licking and face rubbing. At first, the skin is red and swollen. It then becomes crusty and scaly, and then thickens and darkens. The chewing and scratching often leads to open, bleeding sores and hair loss. More severe symptoms are thick mucoid discharge from the eyes with subsequent hair loss and a strong body odor due to excessive oil production by the glands in the skin and ears.

If you suspect that your pet is allergic to something in its environment, talk to your veterinarian. A skin test may be necessary to indicate the appropriate treatment.

--Sandra J. Jongeward DVM