Fatal Copter Crash Was Survivable, Report Says

Two paramedics who were killed in the 1998 crash of a Los Angeles Fire Department helicopter in Griffith Park might have survived if they had been provided with shoulder restraints and helmets, according to a federal report.

Four people died in the accident, including 11-year-old Norma Vides-Anaya, who was being airlifted from a traffic accident in Sun Valley to Childrens Hospital.

A report drafted by the National Transportation Safety Board and released Thursday by the Los Angeles Fire Department confirmed earlier city and federal findings that a tail rotor separated from the aircraft in flight “due to a fatigue fracture in the yoke” that secured the rotor blade.

A separate NTSB report that is not yet complete will address the possible causes of the fatigue fracture, officials said Thursday.

Ken Buzzell, president of the union representing firefighters and paramedics, said the draft report concludes that the city could have done more to prevent the deaths.

“The NTSB says this crash was survivable,” Buzzell said. “I think they probably would have been hurt, but would they have gotten killed? It doesn’t appear so.”

The draft report concluded that city policy then and now prohibits pilots from transporting crew members and paramedics without helmets. But it said the paramedics who died, Michael Butler and Eric Reiner, were not provided with helmets on March 23, 1998. And although lap seat belts were available, it was not clear whether all of the crew members used them.

The report said the area of the copter where the paramedics and two other crew members were sitting was not fitted with shoulder harnesses. The aircraft was built before 1992, when the Federal Aviation Administration required all new aircraft to have shoulder restraints, according to the report.

Based on input from experts, including the Head Protection Research Laboratory, the report stated that different equipment might have resulted in a different outcome.

“In one case, the use of an appropriate restraint system would have allowed survival. In the other case, use of an appropriate restraint system and a helmet would have made survival highly probable,” the report said.

Pilot Steven L. Robinson, who survived, was wearing a helmet supplied by the city that was not recommended for helicopter flights, according to the report. The headgear “provided minimal crash impact resistance. . . . Due to its design, the impact energy was essentially without attenuation and contributed to the pilot’s skull fractures and brain injury,” according to the report.

After the accident, the state auditor recommended that shoulder restraints be installed in city helicopters for the safety of firefighters. An internal review by the Fire Department also concluded that better restraint equipment was needed.

Shoulder restraints and helmets have since been purchased and provided for all aircraft.

Fire Chief William Bamattre said the fact that two people survived the crash means it was survivable, but he said it is questionable whether shoulder harnesses would have made a difference, given that the lap belt anchors in use at the time of the crash failed.

“If those lap belts came apart, then the four-point restraint system would have come apart,” Bamattre said.

Although the report does not conclude why the tail rotor failed, it stated that during one inspection, the Fire Department did not tie down aircraft properly to protect the tail sections from stress from wind and other aircraft. Department officials said it is their routine practice to tie helicopters down.