Conceding Poor Preparation, Schools Revamp Quake Plans

The Los Angeles Unified School District, acknowledging that it is not fully prepared for a large earthquake with students on campus, said Friday that officials will revamp their disaster plans after finding that many schools were without basic emergency provisions Jan. 17.

Assistant Supt. Francis Nakano called the earthquake a blessing in disguise that has forced the huge district to pay greater attention to the risk of earthquakes. He said more money will be provided to stock schools with basic supplies needed for students who may be injured or stranded on campus.

“We will be better off for it, but hopefully we will not have another earthquake,” Nakano said. “In the next few weeks or months, everyone will be ready (to handle a disaster) and be adequately prepared.”

When the Jan. 17 quake struck, damaging at least 1,500 classrooms at nearly 200 schools, many campuses lacked supplies such as water, food, blankets and hard hats that are required by board of education policy. Schools were closed that day for the Martin Luther King holiday.

Although schools were ordered in the early 1990s to obtain the supplies and store enough water to supply students for 72 hours after an earthquake, no money was provided by the Board of Education to acquire provisions.

“We told the schools the district could not afford to buy all that stuff,” said Supt. Sid Thompson, who was deputy superintendent at the time. “Remember, we are talking about a time when there was a question on our budget as to whether we were going to be solvent. . . . We talked to the state about giving us some money to buy equipment. We didn’t get it.”

Since the late 1980s, the district has been able to offer disaster training to only about 200 administrators in a giant system that includes 645 schools and about 30,000 teachers and principals. In 1988, the district provided basic first aid kits for every school, which even now make up the bulk of disaster supplies on some campuses.

“I think all schools have some kind of supplies, but I am not at all impressed with the universality of having water, for example,” Thompson said. “Does every school have sufficient water? I don’t think so.”

Left to fend for themselves, some schools have raised money from parents or local businesses to obtain supplies. Schools with the most active parents or with staff motivated to prepare for earthquakes have written sophisticated emergency plans and amassed caches of supplies, complete with stretchers, wheelchairs and large quantities of food and water.

Others, however have the bare minimum, with scant first aid and water supplies.

Assemblyman Richard Katz (D-Sylmar), author of a state law requiring schools to have detailed disaster plans, criticized the Los Angeles district Friday.

“I would imagine if this had happened during school hours and there had been a significant loss of life or injuries, they would have a real hard time avoiding the liability simply by saying we did not have enough money to make (preparedness) a priority,” Katz said. “In my mind, safety should have the first call on funds.”

The spottiness of quake preparations was attacked this week by Helen Fallon, the chairwoman of the 10th District Parent Teacher Student Assn.’s disaster / earthquake preparedness committee, who testified at a hearing of the state Seismic Safety Commission in Van Nuys.

“How much longer do we parents have to put our children at risk every day that they attend a school that has not bothered to prepare for earthquakes?” Fallon said. “Frankly, how much longer do parents in this district have to listen to employees argue that preparedness does not need to be a priority at their school and that it is not their responsibility or obligation to prepare?”

State law requires that school disaster plans “maintain the safety and care of students and staffs.” Safety drills and staff training are also required.

Although the state law does not require schools to have emergency supplies, Los Angeles district policy calls for schools to be able to care for at least a portion of their student population for 72 hours.

To comply with the state law, the district requires every school to complete an eight-page, fill-in-the-blank form each year in which principals identify teams to handle first aid, search and rescue and fires.

Another district bulletin lists the emergency supplies campuses should stockpile and offers a list of vendors that sell survival products, including tents, radios and body bags.

The district, however, does not certify the plans or check on supplies, citing a shortage of staff.

“After all the years we had in budget cuts we are squeezed down,” Nakano said. “We have a skeleton crew for everything.”

A survey will be conducted to determine the status of earthquake supplies and disaster plans at all schools, Nakano said. The district expects to complete the review in about a month.

The state law does not carry any punitive measures if schools are out of compliance. Katz said Friday that he is considering amending the law to take state funds away from school districts that are not adequately prepared.

Around the Los Angeles district, local PTA chapters have purchased the bulk of supplies at schools. Some chapters were formed solely to raise money for earthquake supplies, which can cost thousands of dollars.

Harriet Sculley, the president of the 31st District Parent Teacher Student Assn., which covers the San Fernando Valley, said she does not believe the organization should be the only provider of earthquake supplies.

“It does not seem appropriate that parents should be responsible for earthquake supplies in a public school system,” Sculley said. “If it’s needed, we’ll help out, of course, but we shouldn’t be solely responsible.”

Balboa Boulevard Gifted/High Ability Magnet’s parent committee stocked the school with walkie-talkies, stretchers, a wheelchair, search and rescue equipment, basic medical supplies, water and blankets. In two years, the Balboa PTA spent about $4,000 on supplies.

“I’d say that every school needs about $5,000 worth of equipment to be fully prepared for three days,” said Gail Lang, a Balboa parent who is active in the preparedness program. “Unless there’s a real gung-ho mother demanding earthquake preparedness, it’s probably not going to be a priority.”

At Langdon Avenue Elementary in North Hills, the school has basic supplies--such as bandages and tape--but no storage container containing tools or enough blankets for all the students. Jacqueline Howard, the assistant principal, said she believes the school could ensure student safety in a quake but would not be able to care for students on campus for an extended time.

“It really depends on the emphasis put on it by the principal, the staff and the teachers,” Howard said. “There isn’t any district standard. If some schools opt not to do it, then there’s nothing.”

Board of Education President Leticia Quezada said on the aftermath of the quake that she had found a worrisome disparity of supplies in her district, which stretches from the Eastside to the East San Fernando Valley. Quezada said she will encourage the school board to fund earthquake preparedness during this spring’s budget deliberations, in which school reform and restoration of the 10% pay cut imposed on teachers, among other things, will be competing for district funds.

Quezada said she is concerned that schools in poor communities are not as well equipped as those in more affluent neighborhoods.

“It’s uneven and I’d like it to be even,” she said. “One way or another we have to have these provisions available for all out schools.”

Assistant Principal John Chernow of Paul Revere Middle School in Brentwood said the school is fortunate to be affluent enough to conduct fund-raising events that have provided enough money to buy protein bars and water for every student for three days.

“We don’t have to make choices between school supplies and quake supplies,” Chernow said.

But at Hollywood High, Assistant Principal Dick Rippey said the school is somewhat prepared, but not fully equipped. Supplies include flashlights, district-provided first-aid kits and search equipment. Two 55-gallon drums hold the water supply for the 2,400 students.

Principals and other staff members said that with severely limited funding, it is sometimes difficult to make earthquake preparedness a priority.

It is a low priority, Rippey said. “Naturally, improving test scores and improving your instructional curriculum is obviously number one on your list and should be. You get down to other things, safety on campus . . . graffiti cleanup, campus beautification, where are you going to spend the money you have? (Preparedness) does get shoved down to the bottom.”

Since the Jan. 17 earthquake, more schools have begun to address the lack of supplies. At Hamlin Street Elementary in Canoga Park, for example, teachers have re-evaluated their disaster plans and already purchased back packs for every classroom filled with gloves, first aid and other supplies.

“We had talked about it before but hadn’t done anything about it,” said Shirley Hammer, a fifth-grade teacher and union representative at Hamlin. “Money’s a problem. We just weren’t prepared before. The awareness just wasn’t there.”

Other school districts have joint programs with cities. The Burbank district, for example, conducts annual refresher courses for staff members. The city of Burbank allocated $250,000 for the program in 1990.